Grammatical Patterns

This is a quick overview of some grammatical patterns used in X̱aad kíl.



- numbers come after the nouns they quantify

dúus sdáng two cats lit. cat two
chíin tléehl five salmon lit. salmon five
yáahl tla’únhl six ravens lit. raven six

- descriptive words come after the nouns they modify

gatáadaan í’waan
na ts’úujuu
táaw ’láa
a big table
a tiny house
good food
lit. table big
lit. house tiny
lit. food good

- verbs come at the end of the sentence

Pat Joe ḵínggan.
Yáahl chíin táagan.
Chíin yáahl táagan.

Táaw dáng sdahlaa?
Kyaa uu hl táagang.
Pat saw Joe.
A raven ate a salmon.
A salmon ate a raven.
Do you want some food?
I’m eating some meat.
lit. Pat Joe saw
lit. raven salmon ate
lit. salmon raven ate
lit. Food you want?
lit. Meat I’m eating.